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KMID : 0897520190240020058
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Journal of Korean Association of Social Psychiatry
2019 Volume.24 No. 2 p.58 ~ p.66
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Gender Difference in Sleep Patterns of Korean Adolescents: Focusing on Psychosocial Circumstances and Biological Changes
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Chung Jun-Soo
Choi Eun-Hye
Hyun Ye-Rin
Kim Ji-Yea
Kim Bung-Nyun
Park Su-Bin
Park Min-Hyeon
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Abstract
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Objectives : Women were at higher risk of sleep problems compared to men both in adulthood and during adolescence. Sleep problems that were more prevalent in female adolescents than in male adolescents resulted from biological factor associated with the development, higher level of depression, more severe anxiety symptom and poor sleep hygiene practices. Thus, this study investigated the gender difference in sleep related variables and mental health variables in adolescents.
Methods : Adolescents (n=802) were recruited in the school located in Seoul. After obtaining the consent from adolescents and their parents, the questionnaire, measuring insomnia severity, daytime sleepiness, sleep habits, depression, anxiety and Internet addiction, was administered. Independent t-tests and ANCOVA analyses were conducted to examine the gender difference in sleep and mental health variables.
Results : Girls showed significantly more severe level of insomnia and higher level of daytime sleepiness when the age and the depression level were adjusted. The gender difference in the level of depression was also significant but became non-significant when the age was adjusted. Moreover, girls showed significantly higher level of anxiety but lower Internet addiction severity than boys even when the age was adjusted.
Conclusion : The findings of this study show that there is biological factor that leads to gender difference in the quality of sleep in addition to depression and mental social factors. Thus, it is suggested that different interventions are necessary for adolescents' sleep problems depending on gender.
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KEYWORD
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Adolescents, Gender, Sleep, Anxiety, Circadian rhythm, Depression
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